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Hann, Chris; Goltz, Hermann; /Hann, Chris; Goltz, Hermann; / 2010年05月01日
《Eastern Christians in Anthropological Perspective》一书由Hann和Goltz共同撰写，深入探讨了社会文化人类学对全球范围内东方基督教群体的日益关注。书中，作者们运用人类学的理论和方法，对东方基督教徒的信仰、实践及其与社会文化环境的互动进行了全面而细致的分析。通过对东方基督教群体的生活世界、仪式、信仰体系以及他们如何应对现代性挑战的描绘，本书揭示了东方基督教在全球化背景下的独特性和复杂性。对于理解宗教多元性以及基督教在不同文化语境中的传播和变迁，本书提供了宝贵的民族志资料和深刻的见解。
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Preface
**Introduction to the Topic**: Hann and Goltz set the stage for exploring Eastern Christianity through an anthropological lens, emphasizing the diversity within this religious tradition and the importance of understanding it in its socio-political contexts.
**Objective**: The book aims to provide a nuanced understanding of Eastern Christians by examining their historical development, contemporary experiences, and cultural practices through the eyes of social anthropology.
Chapter 1: Eastern Christianity: An Overview
1.1 Historical Background
**Early History**: The spread of Christianity into the eastern Mediterranean region during the first centuries AD.
**Division of Christianity**: The Great Schism of 1054 and the separation of Western (Latin) and Eastern (Greek, etc.) Churches.
**Ottoman Rule**: The impact of Ottoman Empire on Eastern Christian communities, including dhimmi status and millet system.
1.2 Theological Distinctions
**Theosis**: The concept of divinization and its soteriological significance in Eastern Orthodoxy.
**Canon Law**: Variations in canon law between Eastern and Western Churches.
**Eschatology**: Differences in end-time beliefs and apocalyptic narratives.
1.3 Modern Developments
**Nationalism**: The interplay between national identities and Eastern Christian affiliations.
**Migration**: Patterns of emigration and the global dissemination of Eastern Christians.
**Ecumenism**: Efforts towards reconciliation and dialogue between Eastern and Western Churches.
Chapter 2: Methodologies and Approaches
2.1 Anthropological Tools
**Fieldwork**: The importance of long-term ethnographic research for understanding Eastern Christian communities.
**Participant Observation**: Gaining insight into the daily lives and rituals of Eastern Christians.
**Interviews**: Collecting firsthand accounts from community members, leaders, and scholars.
2.2 Theoretical Frameworks
**Cultural Relativism**: Evaluating Eastern Christian practices within their own cultural contexts.
**Symbolic Anthropology**: Analyzing the cultural meanings behind symbols and rituals.
**Social Structure**: Examining power dynamics, hierarchies, and kinship systems within communities.
2.3 Challenges and Considerations
**Language Barriers**: The importance of fluency in local languages for accurate communication and understanding.
**Political Sensitivities**: Navigating the complexities of researching religious minorities in politically charged environments.
**Ethical Considerations**: Ethical guidelines for conducting research with informed consent and cultural sensitivity.
Chapter 3: Representations and Identities
3.1 Self-Representation
**Community Narratives**: How Eastern Christians construct and maintain collective identities through storytelling.
**Personal Identities**: The intersection of individual and collective identities within Eastern Christianity.
**Pilgrimages and Saints**: The role of pilgrimage sites and saint veneration in identity formation.
3.2 External Representations
**Media Portrayal**: The impact of media on popular perceptions of Eastern Christianity and its adherents.
**Academic Writing**: The evolution of academic representations and their influence on public discourse.
**Orientalism**: Critiquing the historical and ongoing occidentocentric biases in representations of Eastern Christianity.
3.3 Identity Politics
**Minority Rights**: Advocacy for and resistance against legal and societal discrimination.
**Religious Freedom**: Negotiating freedom of belief and practice in the face of state intervention.
**Cultural Heritage**: Preserving and asserting cultural heritage as part of identity politics.
Chapter 4: Practices and Beliefs
4.1 Liturgies and Sacraments
**Byzantine Rite**: The structure and significance of liturgical services, including Vespers, Matins, and the Divine Liturgy.
**Sacramental Life**: The role of Baptism, Chrismation, Eucharist, Confession, and Unction in Eastern Christian tradition.
4.2 Fasting and Asceticism
**The Fast**: The practice of ascetic fasting during specified periods throughout the year.
