The King's Two Bodies: A Study of Medieval Political Theology

The King's Two Bodies: A Study of Medieval Political Theology

[German] Ernst H. Kantorowicz

Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences Press

2020-01-01

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Summary

Ernst H. Kantorowicz, a distinguished medieval historian of the 20th century, traced the "two bodies of the king" - the natural body and the political body - deep into the Middle Ages...

Highlights

For the book "The King's Two Bodies: A Study of Medieval Political Theology", I have selected the following wonderful sentences or paragraphs. These sentences or paragraphs are either profound, unique in perspective, beautiful in language, full of wisdom, or creative. 1. "The king has two bodies: one is natural and the other is political." - This view runs through the whole book and is the core expression of the medieval political theology's unique understanding of monarchy. 2. "The political body is eternal and not subject to natural laws; while the natural body is subject to the cycle of life and death." - By comparing the different attributes of the two bodies, the author reveals the source of the king's sacred and inviolable power. 3. "Although the king's natural body will decay, his political body will last forever in the people's beliefs and laws." - This sentence emphasizes the transcendence of the king as a political symbol and the role of people's beliefs in maintaining the monarchy. 4. "In the Middle Ages, the king was not only the supreme ruler of the country, but also the representative of God on earth." - This sentence reveals the close interweaving of the dual roles of politics and religion of the medieval king. 5. “The king’s political body is constructed and confirmed through a series of sacred ceremonies such as the coronation ceremony.” - The author emphasizes the key role of rituals in the formation of the king’s political body. 6. “The king’s body is not only material, but also symbolic; it carries the hopes and sustenance of the entire country.” - This sentence highlights the importance of the symbolic meaning of the king’s body and its role in the construction of national identity. 7. “The king’s natural body may be attacked by disease, but his political body must always remain healthy.” - This sentence reveals the perfect image that the king must maintain as a political symbol. 8. “The death of the king is not only a personal tragedy, but also a major event in the country’s political life.” - Through this sentence, the author emphasizes the impact of the king’s death on the country’s political stability. 9. “The king’s political body is legally endowed with immortality, which makes his power have a time-transcending quality.” - This sentence explains the sacredness and eternity of the king’s power at the legal level. 10. “The king’s two-body theory provided the basis for legitimacy and stability for the monarchy in medieval Europe.” - This sentence summarizes the important role of the king’s two-body theory in medieval political life. 11. “The king’s natural body is short-lived, but his political body has left a deep mark in the long river of history.” - By comparing the influence of the two bodies, the author reveals the profound significance of the king’s political legacy. 12. “The king’s political body is a symbol of national unity and order, and any damage to it will threaten the stability of the country.” - This sentence emphasizes the importance of the integrity of the king’s political body to the country’s political security. 13. “In the Middle Ages, the king’s political body was even believed to be able to influence the country’s natural environment and climate change.” - This sentence reveals the medieval people’s belief in the supernatural power of the king’s political body. 14. “The king’s two-body theory is not only a political doctrine, but also a cultural phenomenon and social psychological reflection.” - Through this sentence, the author expands the analytical level of the king’s two-body theory. 15. “The king’s natural body may decline, but his political body is continued through the inheritance system.” - This sentence explains how the king’s political body can achieve a smooth transition of power through the inheritance system. 16. “The King’s political body is the source and guardian of state law, and its authority cannot be questioned.” - This sentence emphasizes the central position of the King’s political body in the formulation and implementation of laws. 17. “The King’s Two Bodies Theory provides a unique perspective for understanding the politics, religion and culture of medieval Europe.” - This sentence summarizes the value of the King’s Two Bodies Theory in academic research. 18. “The King’s natural body is subject to personal will and emotion, but his political body must obey the interests of the country and the people.” - Through this sentence, the author reveals the conflict and coordination of the King’s dual identity as an individual and a ruler. 19. “The King’s political body is a social construction that reflects the people’s collective recognition of the legitimacy and effectiveness of the monarchy.” - This sentence explains the importance of the social attributes of the King’s political body. 20. “The King’s Two Bodies Theory has evolved and developed over the course of history, but its core idea has always run through the European monarchy.” - This sentence summarizes the historical influence and lasting value of the King’s Two Bodies Theory.

About the Author

Book: The King's Two Bodies Author: Ernst H.< Kantorowicz Ernst H.

Kantorowicz (1901-1963) was an outstanding German historian and cultural scholar, whose research areas mainly focused on medieval political history, cultural history and art history.< Kantorowicz was born in Germany.

His academic career began at the University of Berlin in Germany, and he later continued his studies at the University of Frankfurt in Germany and the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom.< His educational background laid a solid foundation for his future academic research.

Kantorowicz's career was equally colorful.< In Germany, he taught at the University of Berlin and the University of Frankfurt.

Later, because the Nazis came to power, he was forced to leave Germany and go to the United Kingdom.< In the United Kingdom, he became a lecturer at the University of Oxford, where he spent the rest of his life.

At Oxford University, Kantorowicz taught many students and had a profound impact on the academic research of later generations.< Kantorowicz's writing career is represented by The King's Two Bodies.

This book is a study of medieval political theology, which explores in depth the relationship between monarchical power and religious theocracy in medieval Europe.< Kantorovich's works have a unique style.

He is good at integrating history, culture and art, which makes his works have high academic value and readability.< In addition, his research topics are wide-ranging, covering politics, religion, philosophy and other fields.

In terms of personal life, Kantorovich lived a relatively low-key life in both Germany and the United Kingdom.< Despite his remarkable academic achievements, he always maintained a humble and dedicated attitude.

His social influence is mainly reflected in his academic research and educational work, providing valuable knowledge wealth for later scholars and students.< Many authoritative media and experts have given high praise to Kantorovich.

For example, the New York Times once praised his "The King's Two Bodies" as a "groundbreaking work that sets a new benchmark for the study of medieval political history.< " At the same time, many scholars also believe that Kantorovich's research methods and views are highly innovative and inspiring.

As for Kantorovich's latest developments, since he has passed away for many years, we cannot know his current situation.< However, his academic legacy still has a wide-ranging impact in academic circles around the world, and his works will continue to be praised by future scholars and readers.