Rural China

Professor Fei Xiaotong, a famous sociologist, has been doing a lot of research and investigation throughout his life, summarizing various models of China's rural economic development and writing many immortal chapters. The writing process of "Rural China" has been explained clearly in the postscript. Here...

Select wonderful sentences or paragraphs from "Rural China", which reflect the core ideas, profound insights and wonderful content of the book: 1. Sentence: "From the grassroots level, Chinese society is rural." Reason: The opening sentence points out the main theme of the book, with a unique perspective and a single sentence. 2. Sentence: "The life in rural society is rich in local characteristics." Reason: The language is concise, but it deeply reveals the essential characteristics of rural society. 3. Paragraph: "Rural society has become a society where people are born and die under the restrictions of local characteristics. The normal life is to live in the countryside until old age. If everyone in a village is like this, a special feature will occur in the relationship between people. Every child grows up in the eyes of others, and in the eyes of children, the people around them are also used to seeing them since childhood. This is a 'familiar' society, a society without strangers." Reason: This paragraph describes the interpersonal relationships and familiarity of rural society, with fluent language and full of visuals. 4. Sentence: "Etiquette is a code of conduct recognized by society." Reason: It defines the important position of "etiquette" in rural society, and is concise and to the point. 5. Sentence: "In rural society, tradition is more important than in modern society." Reason: The sharp contrast highlights the difference between rural society and modern society. 6. Paragraph: "In the midst of change, habit is an obstacle to adaptation, and experience equals stubbornness and backwardness. Stubbornness and backwardness are not just verbal ridicule, but a threat to survival opportunities." Reason: This paragraph deeply analyzes the dual role of habit and experience in the change of rural society, and the language is sharp and insightful. 7. Sentence: "Blood relationship is the basis of identity society, while geographical location is the basis of contract society." Reason: It concisely summarizes the different roles of blood relationship and geographical location in rural society. 8. Sentence: "In the differential mode of association, social relations are gradually extended from one person to another, and are the result of the increase of private connections. The social scope is a network composed of private connections." Reason: The concept of "differential mode of association" was creatively proposed, and the social relations in rural society were described in vivid language. 9. Paragraph: "In rural society, not using words can never be said to be a manifestation of 'stupidity'. Face-to-face communication is direct contact, so why abandon this relatively perfect language and adopt words?" Reason: This paragraph, starting from the reality of rural society, makes a profound reflection on the status of words in rural society. 10. Sentence: "In rural society, desires can be used as a guide for behavior after being cultivated by culture, and the result is in line with the conditions for survival." Reason: The language is beautiful and explains the influence of culture on individual behavior in rural society. 11. Sentence: "How to draw the boundary between the group and the individual, there is no moral concept that transcends private relationships in the differential mode of association." Reason: The relativity of moral concepts under the differential mode of association is profoundly pointed out. 12. Paragraph: "Rural society relies on experience. They don't need to plan, because over time, nature will choose a traditional life plan for them that they can rely on. Everyone just needs to act according to their desires." Reason: This paragraph describes the lifestyle and values of rural society in fluent language. 13. Sentence: "The power to stabilize social relations is not emotion, but understanding." Reason: The language is concise but full of wisdom, revealing the important factors for stabilizing social relations in rural society. 14. Paragraph: "The credit of rural society is not the emphasis on contracts, but the reliability that occurs when one is familiar with the rules of a behavior without thinking." Reason: This paragraph deeply analyzes the nature of credit in rural society, with plain language but unique insights. 15. Sentence: "The transition from desire to need is a very important milestone in social change." Reason: It concisely summarizes an important sign of social change. 16. Paragraph: "In modern society, knowledge is power, because people living in such a society have to make plans according to their needs. The power obtained from knowledge is what I called the power of the times in the above text; rural society relies on experience, they don't have to plan, so they just follow the path." Reason: This paragraph compares the different roles of knowledge and experience in modern society and rural society, and the language is sharp and profound. 17. Sentence: "In the process of social change, people cannot rely on experience for guidance." Reason: It concisely points out the limitations of experience in social change. 18. Paragraph: "Rural society is Apollonian, it believes that the arrangement of the universe has a complete order, this order is beyond human creation, people just accept it, stay in their place, and maintain it." Reason: This paragraph describes the worldview and outlook on life of rural society in poetic language. 19. Sentence: "Because rural society is a society with gender differences, it is also a stable society." Reason: The language is concise but profound, revealing the relationship between gender roles and social stability in rural society. 20. Paragraph: "The order of rural society is a ritual order, and its maintenance

Fei Xiaotong: The founder of Chinese rural studies Fei Xiaotong (1910-2005), formerly known as Fei Yimin, was born in Wujiang, Jiangsu Province.< He is a famous Chinese sociologist, anthropologist, ethnologist, and educator.

He is known as the "founder of Chinese rural studies.< " His research fields are wide-ranging, covering many aspects such as Chinese rural society, ethnic relations, and social structure, and he has made great contributions to the development of Chinese social sciences.

Education and professional background: Fei Xiaotong was smart and studious since childhood.< In 1928, he was admitted to Yenching University, majoring in sociology.

In 1933, he went to the London School of Economics and Political Science in the UK for further studies, studying under the famous anthropologist Malinowski.< In 1938, Fei Xiaotong returned to China after obtaining his doctorate degree, and taught at Yenching University, Tsinghua University, Southwest Associated University and other universities.

In 1944, he became a professor in the Department of Sociology at Tsinghua University and served as the dean of the department from 1947 to 1949.

Writing career: Fei Xiaotong's writing career began in the 1930s.< His first book, Jiangcun Economy (1936), is an important work in the history of Chinese sociology.

Since then, he has published a number of research works on China's rural society, ethnic relations, etc.< , such as Rural China (1947), Nationality and Society (1981), and Social Structure of Rural China (1983).

These works not only provide valuable theoretical resources for Chinese social science research, but also have a profound impact on the international academic community.

Style and theme of works: Fei Xiaotong's works are known for their rigorous academic attitude, in-depth and easy-to-understand expression, and distinctive positivist style.< He pays attention to the changes in China's rural society and emphasizes the important position of rural culture in China's social development.

In the study of ethnic relations, Fei Xiaotong advocates ethnic equality and ethnic unity, and emphasizes cultural exchanges and integration among ethnic groups.< In addition, he also pays attention to the evolution of social structure and explores the impact of social change on individual life.

Personal life: Fei Xiaotong was diligent and studious throughout his life.< He not only achieved outstanding achievements in the academic field, but also actively participated in social activities.

He served as a member of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and made suggestions for the development of the country.< Fei Xiaotong loved his family and spent more than 70 years of marriage with his wife Chen Bijun, and had two sons and one daughter.

Social influence: Fei Xiaotong's academic achievements have been widely recognized at home and abroad.< The book "Rural China" is hailed as "a classic work of Chinese sociology" and has influenced generations of scholars.

In addition, he has won many honors, such as the National Highest Science and Technology Award in 1994 and the first National Outstanding Teacher Award in 2001.

Quotations and evaluations: The famous sociologist Zheng Yefu once commented on Fei Xiaotong: "He is the founder of Chinese sociology, and his research provides us with valuable inspiration for understanding Chinese society.

" The New York Times also commented: "Professor Fei Xiaotong's works reveal the complexity and diversity of Chinese society to us, and his academic achievements will be recorded in history forever.

" Latest developments: Although Fei Xiaotong passed away in 2005, his academic legacy still affects social science research in China and even the world.< Nowadays, more and more scholars have begun to pay attention to Fei Xiaotong's research results, trying to draw wisdom from them and provide reference for solving real social problems.