Hans Belting / University Of Chicago Press / 1997年01月15日
"Likeness and Presence: A History of the Image before the Era of Art" by Hans Belting delves into the pre-Renaissance and Reformation era, exploring the concept of holy images and their significance. Prior to this period, religious icons were not viewed as "art" in the modern sense, but rather as vessels of divine presence and power. Belting examines how these images were created, worshipped, and the role they played in society, shedding light on a time when the lines between art, religion, and culture were blurred. This book offers a fascinating look at the evolution of art and the changing perceptions of images throughout history, making it a must-read for art historians and those interested in the intersection of art and faith.
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第一章:The Idol and the Icon
1.1 The Idol as Object
关键点一:Idol指的是被崇拜的实体对象,通常具有宗教或神圣的意义。
关键点二:Idols在历史上的角色是作为连接人与神的媒介。
1.2 The Icon as Representation
关键点一:Icon代表了一种图像,它不仅仅是物质的复制,而是指向超越自身的意义。
关键点二:Icons通过其代表性,成为了信仰和文化实践的一部分。
第二章:Image and Text
2.1 Image as Supplement
关键点一:在这一节中,讨论了图像如何补充文字描述的不足。
关键点二:图像提供了直观性,有时能够传达文字难以表达的含义。
2.2 Textuality of Images
关键点一:图像本身包含了文本性,它们可以像文字一样被解读和解释。
关键点二:图像的文本性与图像学(Iconology)紧密相关,强调图像背后深层的文化和历史含义。
第三章:The Image and the Divide of East and West
3.1 Eastern Orthodoxy and Icons
关键点一:东方正教会对圣像的使用有着严格的规定,强调其并非物质的偶像。
关键点二:东正教的圣像通常被视为神性的窗户,而不是神的直接形象。
3.2 Western Catholicism and Idolatry
关键点一:西方天主教会在历史上曾出现过关于圣像和偶像崇拜的争议。
关键点二:天主教会的立场倾向于在崇敬圣像的同时,避免将其视为神本身。
第四章:The Modern Image
4.1 Photography as Image Technology
关键点一:摄影技术的发展改变了图像的制作和传播方式。
关键点二:摄影与绘画相比,提供了一种更为机械化和客观的记录手段。
4.2 Modern Art and Image Conceptions
关键点一:现代艺术中对图像的理解和处理变得更加多元化和实验性。
关键点二:现代艺术家们探讨了图像与现实、再现与表现之间的关系。
第五章:Image in Flux
5.1 Digital Images and Reality
关键点一:数字图像的出现模糊了现实与再现之间的界限。
关键点二:数字技术使得图像可以被无限复制和调整,挑战了传统图像的唯一性和真实性。
5.2 From Likeness to Presence
关键点一:书中回归到主题原点,探讨从相似性(likeness)到存在(presence)的转变。
关键点二:这一转变体现了图像在人类文化和宗教信仰中的复杂角色和深远影响。