History of Western Philosophy (revised edition) - Deng Xiaomang, Zhao LinChapter 1 The Spirit and Problems of Greek Philosophy1.1 The Non-religious Spirit of Greek Philosophy - Key Point: - With Greek mythology as the background, philosophy seeks rational explanations for nature and human society - The shackles of religion were broken, and philosophy began to exist independently of theology1.2 The Speculative Spirit of Greek Philosophy - Key Point: - Philosophy is not satisfied with sensory experience, but pursues higher universality and certainty - Philosophy uses logical reasoning and conceptual definition to explore the essence of the world1.3 The Relationship between Philosophy and Science - Key Point: - The development of science and technology provides materials and stimulation for philosophy - Philosophy provides a methodology for scientific research, such as the creation of formal logicChapter 2 Early Natural Philosophy2.1 The “Water” Theory of Origin - Key Point: - Thales proposed that “all things come from water” and pioneered natural philosophy - Preliminary observation of the changes in things and conjecture about the materiality of the origin2.2 The “Amorphous” Theory of Origin - Key points: - Anaximander proposed "amorphous" as the origin, transcending the limitations of water- Speculating on the process of the creation and extinction of the universe2.3 "Air" origin theory- Key points: - Anaximenes proposed that "air" is the origin of the universe- Explain the changes of all things through the condensation and dispersion of airChapter 3 Greek Philosophy in the Classical Period (Part 1) 3.1 Socrates&39; criticism of natural philosophy- Key points: - Socrates emphasized the importance of human rationality and moral behavior- Criticized natural philosophers for ignoring human values and moral ethics3.2 Know yourself- Key points: - Socrates proposed "I know that I know nothing" and advocated seeking knowledge through dialogue and questioning- People should know their own souls, realize the internalization of knowledge and moral perfectionChapter 4 Greek Philosophy in the Classical Period (Part 2) 4.1 Plato&39;s Theory of Ideas- Key points: - Plato proposed that ideas are the real existence of things, and the real world is an imitation of the world of ideas- Idealism aims to solve the problem of knowledge and explain the universality of things4.2 Aristotle&39;s ontology- Key points: - Aristotle believed that individual things are the first entities, and species and genera are the second entities- Proposed the "Four Causes Theory" to explain the generation and existence of all thingsChapter 5 Late Greek Philosophy5.1 Epicurean Philosophy- Key points: - Hedonism, the pursuit of physical and mental happiness as the purpose of life- Atomism is used to explain the origin and composition of the universe and life5.2 Stoicism- Key points: - Pursuit of inner peace and freedom, compliance with destiny and pursuit of virtue- The concept of cosmic rationality, believing that the universe is orderly and man&39;s task is to be consistent with this cosmic order.

In the book History of Western Philosophy (Revised Edition), authors Deng Xiaomang and Zhao Lin present us with a wonderful epic of Western philosophy with their profound philosophical foundation and fluent writing. The following are the most wonderful sentences or paragraphs selected from the book, which are either profound in meaning, unique in perspective, beautiful in language, full of wisdom, or creative. For readers, these excerpts will try to maintain their original professionalism. 1. "Philosophy begins with wonder." - This sentence condenses the origin of ancient Greek philosophy and expresses the initial questioning of mankind about the origin of the world. 2. "Water is the origin of all things." - Thales' famous saying, although concise but very insightful, opened the precedent of natural philosophy. 3. "Man is the measure of all things." - This view of Protagoras highlights the importance of human subjectivity in the ancient Greek Sophists. 4. "Unexamined life is not worth living." - This motto of Socrates has inspired countless philosophers to pursue truth and reflect on life. 5. "Ideas are the origin of the world." —— Plato constructed the philosophical system of idealism with profound philosophical thinking. 6. "I think, therefore I am." —— This famous saying of Descartes laid the foundation for the epistemological turn of modern philosophy. 7. "Existence is perception." —— Berkeley's view challenged the material entity concept of traditional philosophy. 8. "God is dead." —— Nietzsche's shocking words announced the collapse of the traditional value system of Western philosophy. 9. "Language is the home of existence." —— Heidegger's view reveals the profound connection between language and existence. 10. "Philosophy is the history of philosophy." —— Hegel's words emphasize the historicity and continuity of the development of philosophy. 11. "The science of science does not exist." —— Kant's criticism of metaphysics set the boundaries for philosophy. 12. "Man is born free, but he is always in chains." —— Rousseau's profound insight into freedom and society. 13. "All history is contemporary history." - Croce's view gives history a realistic meaning. 14. "Existence precedes essence." - Sartre's existentialist philosophy, emphasizing people's free choice and responsibility. 15. "Analytical philosophy is the logical analysis of language." - Russell and Wittgenstein's analytical philosophy provides a new methodology for modern philosophy. 16. "There is no thing in itself." - Kant's profound insights into epistemology reveal the limitations of human cognition. 17. "Dialectics is the algebra of revolution." - Marx's metaphor reveals the revolutionary and critical nature of dialectics. 18. "Life is action, and action is the process of encountering oneself." - Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological viewpoint focuses on the interaction between the body and the world. 19. "Postmodernism is a criticism and transcendence of modernity." - Lyotard and other postmodern thinkers' reflection and challenge to modern society. 20. "Philosophy not only explains the world, but more importantly, changes the world." - This view of Marx emphasizes the practicality and revolutionary nature of philosophy. These sentences and paragraphs not only show the rich connotations and diverse perspectives of the history of Western philosophy, but also reflect the profound understanding and exquisite expression of the history of philosophy by the two authors Deng Xiaomang and Zhao Lin. For readers, they are undoubtedly an excellent entry point for a deeper understanding of the history of Western philosophy.

Title: Deng Xiaomang and Zhao Lin: Wise Men Leading Readers to Explore the History of Western Philosophy Before reading the book "History of Western Philosophy (Revised Edition)", let us first get to know the two authors of this book: Professor Deng Xiaomang and Professor Zhao Lin.< With their profound academic attainments and unique writing style, they present readers with a fascinating history of Western philosophy.

Professor Deng Xiaomang, born in the 1950s, is a renowned Chinese philosopher.< He graduated from the Department of Philosophy of Peking University and received his doctorate.

Professor Deng has been a visiting scholar at Harvard University in the United States and the University of Freiburg in Germany.< His career has mainly focused on teaching and research, and he has taught at well-known universities such as Peking University and Tsinghua University.

Professor Deng Xiaomang's research areas include the history of Western philosophy, ethics, and political philosophy.< Professor Zhao Lin, also an outstanding Chinese philosopher, was born in the 1960s.

He graduated from the Department of Philosophy of Renmin University of China and received his doctorate from Columbia University in the United States.< Professor Zhao's research areas cover the history of Western philosophy, aesthetics, and cultural studies.

He has taught at many universities at home and abroad and has delivered many speeches at international academic conferences.< Professor Deng Xiaomang and Professor Zhao Lin write in a clear, rigorous, and interesting style.

Their works cover a wide range of topics, covering many schools and thinkers from ancient Greek philosophy to modern Western philosophy.< In the book "History of Western Philosophy (Revised Edition)", the two authors provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the development of Western philosophy through in-depth analysis of the philosophers' lives, thoughts, and their influence in the historical context.

The academic achievements of Professor Deng Xiaomang and Professor Zhao Lin have been widely recognized.< The New York Times once described Professor Deng Xiaomang as "a banner in the Chinese philosophical community", while Time magazine praised Professor Zhao Lin as "a groundbreaking scholar in the field of aesthetics and cultural studies.

" In addition, their works have also been highly praised by experts and institutions at home and abroad.< In terms of personal life, Professor Deng Xiaomang and Professor Zhao Lin are both passionate about education and are committed to cultivating a new generation of philosophers.

They also actively participate in social welfare activities to promote the popularization and development of philosophy education.< Regarding the latest developments of the two professors, Professor Deng Xiaomang recently held a lecture on Kantian ethics at Peking University, which attracted many scholars and students.

Professor Zhao Lin has opened a course on the history of Western aesthetics at Renmin University of China, which has been well received by students.< In short, Professor Deng Xiaomang and Professor Zhao Lin, with their rich educational and professional backgrounds, unique writing style and extensive social influence, have brought readers a profound and easy-to-understand History of Western Philosophy (Revised Edition).

This book is undoubtedly a valuable asset for readers who are interested in the history of Western philosophy.