Book Details
Compendium of the Philosophical Sciences (1830 Edition)
[Germany] Hegel / The Commercial Press /May 1, 2021
"Outline of the Complete Book of Philosophical Sciences" is an important work of German philosopher Hegel. The book was published in 1830 and is one of the three versions of the same work. This book is mainly composed of three parts: logic, natural philosophy and spiritual philosophy, and is an important manifestation of Hegel's philosophical thoughts. In this book, Hegel systematically expounded his philosophical views, including concepts such as dialectics and absolute spirit, and tried to reveal the essence and laws of the world through rational thinking and reasoning. This book is of great significance for understanding Hegel's philosophical thoughts, and it has also had a profound impact on later philosophy. By reading this book, readers can have a deep understanding of Hegel's philosophical system, appreciate his profound ideological connotations and exquisite logical reasoning, and thus better understand the basic problems and thinking methods of philosophy. This book is a very ideological and inspiring philosophical classic, which deserves careful reading and in-depth thinking by readers.
Outline Notes
"Outline of the Complete Book of Philosophical Sciences" (1830 edition) Summary Hegel&39;s "Outline of the Complete Book of Philosophical Sciences" is a comprehensive exposition of his philosophical system. The book is divided into three parts: Logic, Natural Philosophy, and Philosophy of Spirit. The following is a detailed summary of each part of the book and its chapters. Part I: LogicChapter 1: Ontology- Category of Quality - Existence and Nothingness- Contradiction of Change- Category of Quantity - Single and Multiple- Continuity of Quantity- Degree - Definition and Characteristics of DegreeChapter 2: Ontology- Essence and Phenomenon - Internality of Essence and Externality of Phenomenon- The Essence of Truth is Phenomenon- Reality - Relationship between Reality and Possibility- Distinction between Necessity and ContingencyChapter 3: Concept Theory- Subjective Concept - Universality and Particularity of Concept- Function of Intellect- Object - Attributes and Relationships of Objects- Relationship between Objects and Concepts- Idea - Definition and Nature of Idea- Concept of Absolute IdeaPart II: Natural PhilosophyChapter 1: Mechanics- Space and Time - Divisibility of Space and Fluidity of Time- Absolute Motion and Relative Motion- Matter and Motion - Infinite Divisibility of Matter- Motion is the Mode of Existence of MatterChapter 2: Physics- Physical Properties of Celestial Bodies - Gravity and rotation of celestial bodies- Astronomical phenomena such as solar and lunar eclipses- Physical properties of elements - Classification and transformation of elements- Structure of inorganic matterChapter 3: Organic Physics- The concept of life - Life is the highest form of nature- The relationship between organisms and inorganic matter- Structure and development of plants and animals - Growth and reproduction of plants and animals- Nutritional system of plants and digestive system of animalsPart 3: Spiritual PhilosophyChapter 1: Subjective Spirit- Soul - Concept and essence of soul- Classification of mental phenomena- Consciousness - The germination and development of self-consciousness- Objectification process of consciousnessChapter 2: Objective Spirit- Law and State - The basis and classification of law- Ideal structure and function of the state- Morality and Ethics - Subjectivity and normativity of morality- The relationship between the realization of ethical order and the individual
Catchy Sentences
Regarding Hegel's "Outline of the Complete Works of Philosophical Sciences (1830 Edition)", they are either profound, or have unique perspectives, or beautiful language, or are full of wisdom, or creative. These sentences will be divided into three parts, and will be output according to the numbers 1-20. I will try to evenly distribute them into three groups, each group embodies different characteristics. Group 1: Profound Meaning and Unique Perspective 1. "Philosophy is the science of exploring truth, and truth is holistic, so philosophy must also be holistic." —— This sentence reflects the comprehensiveness and systematicity of Hegel's philosophy, emphasizing that the pursuit of truth in philosophy must be comprehensive rather than one-sided. 2. "Reality is the unity of essence and existence, and is the process of externalization of internal necessity into reality." —— Hegel revealed the essence of reality through this sentence, that is, reality is not only a static existence, but also a dynamic development process. 3. "Freedom is the cognition of necessity, and transcends necessity in cognition." —— This sentence reflects Hegel's unique understanding of the relationship between freedom and necessity. Freedom is not arbitrary, but is based on a profound understanding of necessity. 4. "History is the self-realization of spirit and the unfolding of free consciousness in time." —— Through this sentence, Hegel endowed history with profound philosophical significance and regarded history as the process of self-development and realization of spirit. 5. "Dialectics is the unity of opposites and the self-movement of thought." —— This sentence summarizes the core idea of Hegel's dialectics, that is, to promote the development of thought through the interaction and transformation of opposites. 6. "Art is the sensual manifestation of ideas." —— In this sentence, Hegel explained the essence of art. Art is not only the expression of sensuality, but also the embodiment of ideas. Group 2: Beautiful language and full of wisdom 7. "Philosophy is like Minerva's owl, which will take off at dusk." —— This sentence uses a vivid metaphor to describe the characteristics of philosophy, that is, philosophy is a reflection and summary of the times, and the truth can often be seen after the fact. 8. "Logic is the science of studying pure thought and the cornerstone of philosophy." —— Through this sentence, Hegel emphasized the fundamental position of logic in the philosophical system. 9. "Natural philosophy is the science that studies the manifestation of ideas in nature." —— This sentence reflects the characteristics of Hegel's natural philosophy, that is, nature is regarded as the externalization of ideas. 10. "Phenomenology of spirit is the science that studies the process of consciousness development." —— This sentence summarizes the research object of Hegel's phenomenology of spirit, that is, the generation and evolution of consciousness. 11. "Legal philosophy is the science that studies the realization of free will in the real world." —— In this sentence, Hegel clarified the task of legal philosophy, that is, to explore how free will can be realized in the real world. 12. "Religious philosophy is the science that studies how finite spirit can reach infinite spirit." —— This sentence reflects the core issue of Hegel's religious philosophy, that is, the communication and integration of finite and infinite. Group 3: Creative and inspiring 13. "The state is the reality of ethical ideas and the highest realization of free will." —— This sentence reflects Hegel's unique understanding of the state, regarding the state as the realization of ethical ideas and the highest embodiment of free will. 14. "Civil society is the middle ground between the family and the state, and is the field where private interests and public interests interact with each other." - Through this sentence, Hegel creatively proposed the concept of civil society and expounded its important role in social structure. 15. "Tragedy is the conflict between two rationalities." - This sentence reveals the essence of tragedy in concise language, that is, tragedy often stems from the conflict and collision between different rationalities. 16. "The history of philosophy is philosophy itself." - This sentence reflects Hegel's unique view on the history of philosophy. He regards the history of philosophy as the process of self-development and perfection of philosophical thought. 17. "Absolute spirit is the origin and destination of the world, and is the inherent essence and ultimate purpose of all things." - In this sentence, Hegel proposed the concept of absolute spirit and used it as the highest principle to explain the world. 18. "Existence is reasonable." - Although this sentence is short, it is full of profound philosophy. It expresses Hegel's recognition of existence and his admiration for rationality. 19. "Contradiction is the driving force of the development of things." - This sentence reveals the view of contradiction in Hegel's philosophy. Contradiction is not only the driving force of the development of things, but also an important factor in promoting the progress of thought. 20. "History is a great textbook." - Through this sentence, Hegel emphasized the importance of history to human cognition and development. History not only records the past, but also guides the future.
Author Introduction
Title: Exploring Hegel's Philosophical World: The Life and Influence of the German Giant of Thought Hegel (Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, 1770-1831) is a famous German philosopher whose thoughts had a profound impact on European philosophy in the 19th century.< This article will introduce the life and influence of this German giant of thought from multiple perspectives.
1.< Basic Personal Information Hegel was born on August 27, 1770 in Stuttgart, Germany, and is an important representative of the German Enlightenment and Romantic Movement.
2.< Education and Career Background Hegel was educated at the University of Tübingen and became friends with the future poet Hölderlin and philosopher Schiller.
After graduation, he taught at the University of Jena and began his philosophical writing career.< After that, he taught in Nuremberg, Jena and Berlin, and served as a professor of philosophy at the University of Berlin until his death.
3.
Writing Career Hegel's writing career can be divided into three stages: the early "Phenomenology of Spirit", the middle "Logical Science" and the late "Philosophy of History".< His "Outline of the Complete Book of Philosophical Sciences" (1830 edition) is his late work, which systematically expounds his philosophical system.
4.< Work style and theme Hegel's philosophical system is centered on dialectics, emphasizing the unity and development of contradictions in things.
His works are profound and abstract in style, which has had a profound impact on later philosophers.< 5.
Personal life Hegel's personal life is relatively low-key.< He devotes most of his energy to philosophical research and teaching.
He and his wife Maria Niebel have two children.< 6.
Social influence Hegel's philosophical thoughts have had an important influence on philosophical schools such as Marxism, existentialism, and structuralism.< His dialectical theory was borrowed by Marx to develop historical materialism.
7.< Quotation and evaluation German philosopher Heidegger once evaluated Hegel as "the last great metaphysician.
" The New York Times also published an article calling Hegel's philosophy "the pinnacle of 19th century European philosophy.< " 8.
Latest developments In recent years, Hegel's philosophical thoughts still have an important position in contemporary philosophy, political science, and cultural studies.< Many scholars continue to study and interpret his works in order to find new inspiration in modern society.
In short, as a representative figure of German philosophy, Hegel's philosophical thoughts and works have had a profound impact on later generations.< His "Outline of the Complete Book of Philosophical Sciences" (1830 edition) is an important work for understanding his philosophical system, and it is worth in-depth study by every reader interested in philosophy.
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